The Association Between Human Milk and Human Milk Fortifiers and Necrotising Enterocolitis In Preterm Infants
The results of this review indicate that low birth weight, very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight infants fed with human milk fortified with human milk fortifiers are at a decreased risk for necrotising enterocolitis than those who are fed with formula milk and non-human milk fortifiers.
KEY FINDINGS: Necrotising enterocolitis continues to be one of the most devastating and unpredictable condition affecting preterm infants, leading to a high degree of morbidity and mortality. Standardised guidelines should be developed and applied in neonatal units, promoting the use of human milk with human milk fortifiers with the aim of reducing the risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this review was to determine whether breast milk fortified with human-based fortifiers decreases the incidence of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.
DETAILS: A search was carried out ending July 2021. Academic Search Complete, Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, CINAHL plus with full text, Environmental Complete (EBSCO), JAMA Network, MEDLINE, BioMed Central and SAGE Journals and Google Scholar were searched. Keywords included: preterm, infants, breast milk, formula milk and necrotising enterocolitis. Sixteen of the 1316 retrieved papers were included. Human milk, whether mother's own or donor milk, and human milk fortifiers decrease the risk of necrotising enterocolitis, compared to formula milk and non-human fortifiers. The initial number of studies retrieved was 1316. This number was reduced to 650 after removal of duplicates and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, this was further reduced to 16 studies. The final number of chosen articles included eight systematic reviews and meta-analysis, two retrospective studies, three multi-centre randomised controlled trials, one comparison cohort, one prospective cohort and one multicentre retrospective cohort. The results of this review appear to provide incontrovertible evidence on the association between human milk and human milk fortifiers and a decreased risk of necrotising enterocolitis in low birth weight, very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight infants when compared to the use of formula milk fortified with non-human fortifiers. The strength of this evidence can be qualified as medium to high.
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Copyright © Neonatal Nurses Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Source: Magro, S. Cini, A., Sammut, R. (2023). The Association Between Human Milk and Human Milk Fortifiers and Necrotising Enterocolitis In Preterm Infants: A Review. Journal of Neonatal Nursing. 2023; 29(1): 10-19. Published: February, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnn.2022.02.010.
Effect Of Peer Mentoring On Physical Activity In Patients With Cancer
Peer mentoring was found to have positive effects on improving the level of physical activity in patients with cancer. The use of peer mentoring can offer a holistic perspective by improving the quality and functional status of care.
Summary
A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomised Controlled Trials.
[Posted 30/May/2023]
AUDIENCE: Nursing
KEY FINDINGS: Peer mentoring was found to have positive effects on improving the level of physical activity in patients with cancer. The use of peer mentoring can offer a holistic perspective by improving the quality and functional status of care.
BACKGROUND: Aim is to systematically examine the effect of peer mentoring applied to patients with cancer on physical activity.
DETAILS: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted as a result of reviewing randomised controlled trials. No year limitation was set, and studies published in English were included in the study. Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost/CINAHL Complete, Springer Link, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and Ovid databases were searched up to January 2022. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3 software was used to analyse the meta-analysis data. PRISMA was employed. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was evaluated by two independent researchers. Six studies with a total of 1.551 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that peer mentoring had positive medium effects on the physical activity process (95% Cl = 0.15 to 0.49, p .001 and Hedge's g = 0.322). The results of the sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability of the outcome measures.
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Source: Sezgin, M. G. and Bektas, H. (2023). Effect Of Peer Mentoring On Physical Activity In Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomised Controlled Trials. J Clin Nurs. 2023; 32(11-12): 2410-2418. Published: May, 2023. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16320.
The Impact of an Educational Intervention on Neonatal Care and Survival
Newborn survival can be improved through regular training of maternity health workers in evidence-based newborn care.
KEY FINDINGS: Newborn survival can be improved through regular training of maternity health workers in evidence-based newborn care.
BACKGROUND: Under-5 mortality has declined globally; however, proportion of under-5 deaths occurring within the first 28 days after birth has increased significantly. This study aims to determine the impact of an educational intervention on neonatal care and survival rates in Nigeria.
DETAILS: This was a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design involving 21 health workers in the preintervention phase, while 15 health workers and 30 mother-baby dyads participated in the postintervention phase. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and nonparticipatory observation. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Healthy newborns were routinely separated from their mothers in the preintervention period. During this time, non-evidence-based practices, such as routine nasal and oral suctioning, were performed. Skin-to-skin contact and early initiation of breastfeeding were frequently interrupted. After the intervention, 80.6% were placed in skin-to-skin contact with their mothers, and 20 of these babies maintained contact with the mother until breastfeeding was established. There was decline in neonatal deaths post-intervention. Independent t-test analysis of the day of neonatal death demonstrates a significant difference in mean (P = .00, 95% confidence interval -5.629; -7.447 to -4.779).
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Copyright © Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
Source: Emmanuel, Kain, V., and Forster, E. (2023). The Impact of an Educational Intervention on Neonatal Care and Survival. Journal of Perinatal and Neonatal Nursing. 2023; 37(2): 138-147. Published: April/June, 2023. DOI: 6655574.
Family Caregivers' Experiences Of Providing Care For Family Members From Minority Ethnic Groups Living With Dementia
The findings reveal that family caregivers experience controversies and challenges due to their lack of dementia health literacy and perceived barriers to seeking healthcare support.
KEY FINDINGS: Most of the family caregivers highlighted the value of being able to care for a family member living with dementia. However, the findings also reveal that they experience controversies and challenges due to their lack of dementia health literacy and perceived barriers to seeking healthcare support.
BACKGROUND: Aim of the study is to review the literature on family caregivers' experiences of providing care for a family member from an ethnic minority group living with dementia within the European context. Due to labour migration during the late 1960s and early 1970s, many European countries are now encountering an increasing number of older people from diverse ethnic minority groups who have been diagnosed with dementia. Although family care is predominantly used as a care pathway among families with immigrant backgrounds, little is known about family caregivers’ experiences of providing care for a family member with dementia.
DETAILS: Eight databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, SCOPUS, Social Care Online, SocIndex and Epistemonikos) were searched for original, peer-reviewed papers, published in English between 2010 and 2021. The literature review was conducted and reported in accordance with PRISMA 2020 checklist for reporting systematic reviews. After identifying, screening and assessing articles for eligibility, 14 articles were critically appraised using the standardised assessment tool Mixed methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT, version 2018) and included in the review. The data synthesis process identified four themes across the qualitative studies: controversies and challenges; a lack of health literacy; barriers to seeking support from the healthcare or social services; and models of care.
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Source: Lillekroken, D., Halvorsrud, L., Gulesto, R., et al. (2023). Family Caregivers' Experiences Of Providing Care For Family Members From Minority Ethnic Groups Living With Dementia: A Qualitative Systematic Review. J Clin Nurs. Published: May, 2023. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16127.
The Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors On Newborn Adaptation and Withdrawal Symptoms
Newborns exposed to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in-utero are affected, however the evidence is limited due to a lack of high-quality, robust studies to accurately make generalisations regarding Poor Neonatal Adaptation Syndrome or to support the diagnosis over withdrawals.
KEY FINDINGS: Newborns exposed to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in-utero are affected, however the evidence is limited due to a lack of high-quality, robust studies to accurately make generalisations regarding Poor Neonatal Adaptation Syndrome or to support the diagnosis over withdrawals. Further research is needed to adequately differentiate between the conditions.
BACKGROUND: Since becoming the most frequently prescribed antidepressants in pregnancy, the effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors on newborns is hotly debated. The aims of this review were to examine terminology and adaptation, withdrawal, and toxicity risks for newborns.
DETAILS: Scoping review methodology guided the search of electronic databases EBSCOhost, PubMed Central and Springer Online Journals. Out of 90 articles screened, 23 were eligible for inclusion in the synthesis. Terminology is used interchangeably with poor delineation. Poor Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome is usually mild and transient with newborns experiencing neuro-behaviour and/or respiratory symptoms, initial lowered Apgar score, inhibited respiratory regulation, and hypoglycaemia. Limited studies examined Serotonin toxicity.
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Copyright © Neonatal Nurses Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Source: Franz, N. (2023). The Effects Of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors On Newborn Adaptation And Withdrawal Symptoms: A Scoping Review. J. Neonatal Nurs.. 2023; 29(2): 235-244. Published: April, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnn.2022.07.004
Psychometric Properties of the Brief Fatigue Inventory in Hemodialysis Patients During a Dialysis Day
The preliminary results support the satisfactory psychometric properties of the BFI in assessing fatigue among hemodialysis patients during a dialysis day in a clinic setting.
KEY FINDINGS: The preliminary results support the satisfactory psychometric properties of the BFI in assessing fatigue among hemodialysis patients during a dialysis day in a clinic setting.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) in hemodialysis patients.
DETAILS: During a dialysis day, patients completed both 9-item BFI and 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II questionnaires. The psychometric properties of the BFI were assessed in terms of reliability and validity. The BFI had an overall Cronbach's coefficient alpha of .92. Inter-item correlation coefficients between BFI items ranged from .38 to. 81 (all p < .0001). Exploratory factor analysis revealed bidimensional factor structure of the BFI-fatigue "severity" and fatigue "interference" explaining 11.0% and 62.0% of the total variance in the data set, respectively. In criterion validity analysis, BFI composite score correlated significantly with the total BDI-II score - Pearson correlation coefficient .40 (p < .0001).
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Source: Debnath, S., Rueda, R., Thomas, N., et al. (2023). Psychometric Properties of the Brief Fatigue Inventory in Hemodialysis Patients during a Dialysis Day: A Preliminary Report. Clinical Nursing Research. 2023; 32(3): 445-451. Published: March, 2023. DOI: 10.1177/10547738221149811.
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